Clean up and unify exercises

exercises/00_intro/intro1.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// intro1.rs
-//
 // We sometimes encourage you to keep trying things on a given exercise, even
 // after you already figured it out. If you got everything working and feel
 // ready for the next exercise, remove the `I AM NOT DONE` comment below.
@@ -8,9 +6,6 @@
 // reloaded when you change one of the lines below! Try adding a `println!`
 // line, or try changing what it outputs in your terminal. Try removing a
 // semicolon and see what happens!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint intro1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 fn main() {
     println!("Hello and");

exercises/00_intro/intro2.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-// intro2.rs
-//
 // Make the code print a greeting to the world.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint intro2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 fn main() {
     printline!("Hello there!")

exercises/01_variables/variables1.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-// variables1.rs
-//
 // Make me compile!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint variables1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 fn main() {
     x = 5;

exercises/01_variables/variables2.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// variables2.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint variables2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 fn main() {
     let x;
     if x == 10 {

exercises/01_variables/variables3.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// variables3.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint variables3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 fn main() {
     let x: i32;
     println!("Number {}", x);

exercises/01_variables/variables4.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// variables4.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint variables4` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 fn main() {
     let x = 3;
     println!("Number {}", x);

exercises/01_variables/variables5.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// variables5.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint variables5` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 fn main() {
     let number = "T-H-R-E-E"; // don't change this line
     println!("Spell a Number : {}", number);

exercises/01_variables/variables6.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// variables6.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint variables6` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 const NUMBER = 3;
 fn main() {
     println!("Number {}", NUMBER);

exercises/02_functions/functions1.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// functions1.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint functions1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 fn main() {
     call_me();
 }

exercises/02_functions/functions2.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// functions2.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint functions2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 fn main() {
     call_me(3);
 }

exercises/02_functions/functions3.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// functions3.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint functions3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 fn main() {
     call_me();
 }

exercises/02_functions/functions4.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,7 @@
-// functions4.rs
-//
 // This store is having a sale where if the price is an even number, you get 10
 // Rustbucks off, but if it's an odd number, it's 3 Rustbucks off. (Don't worry
 // about the function bodies themselves, we're only interested in the signatures
 // for now. If anything, this is a good way to peek ahead to future exercises!)
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint functions4` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 fn main() {
     let original_price = 51;

exercises/02_functions/functions5.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// functions5.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint functions5` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 fn main() {
     let answer = square(3);
     println!("The square of 3 is {}", answer);

exercises/03_if/if1.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
-// if1.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint if1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
-
 pub fn bigger(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 {
     // Complete this function to return the bigger number!
     // If both numbers are equal, any of them can be returned.

exercises/03_if/if2.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
-// if2.rs
-//
 // Step 1: Make me compile!
 // Step 2: Get the bar_for_fuzz and default_to_baz tests passing!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint if2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
 pub fn foo_if_fizz(fizzish: &str) -> &str {
     if fizzish == "fizz" {

exercises/03_if/if3.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
-// if3.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint if3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
-
 pub fn animal_habitat(animal: &str) -> &'static str {
     let identifier = if animal == "crab" {
         1

exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types1.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
-// primitive_types1.rs
+// Fill in the rest of the line that has code missing!
-//
-// Fill in the rest of the line that has code missing! No hints, there's no
-// tricks, just get used to typing these :)
 
 fn main() {
     // Booleans (`bool`)

exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types2.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// primitive_types2.rs
-//
-// Fill in the rest of the line that has code missing! No hints, there's no
-// tricks, just get used to typing these :)
-
 fn main() {
     // Characters (`char`)
 

exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types3.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-// primitive_types3.rs
-//
 // Create an array with at least 100 elements in it where the ??? is.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand
-// for a hint.
 
 fn main() {
     let a = ???

exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types4.rs

@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
-// primitive_types4.rs
-//
 // Get a slice out of Array a where the ??? is so that the test passes.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types4` or use the `hint` watch subcommand
-// for a hint.
 
 fn main() {
     // You can optionally experiment here.
 }
 
-#[test]
+#[cfg(test)]
-fn slice_out_of_array() {
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn slice_out_of_array() {
         let a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
 
         let nice_slice = ???
 
         assert_eq!([2, 3, 4], nice_slice)
+    }
 }

exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types5.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-// primitive_types5.rs
-//
 // Destructure the `cat` tuple so that the println will work.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types5` or use the `hint` watch subcommand
-// for a hint.
 
 fn main() {
     let cat = ("Furry McFurson", 3.5);

exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types6.rs

@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
-// primitive_types6.rs
-//
 // Use a tuple index to access the second element of `numbers`. You can put the
 // expression for the second element where ??? is so that the test passes.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types6` or use the `hint` watch subcommand
-// for a hint.
 
 fn main() {
     // You can optionally experiment here.
 }
 
-#[test]
+#[cfg(test)]
-fn indexing_tuple() {
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn indexing_tuple() {
         let numbers = (1, 2, 3);
         // Replace below ??? with the tuple indexing syntax.
         let second = ???;
 
         assert_eq!(2, second,
             "This is not the 2nd number in the tuple!")
+    }
 }

exercises/05_vecs/vecs1.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
-// vecs1.rs
-//
 // Your task is to create a `Vec` which holds the exact same elements as in the
 // array `a`.
 //
 // Make me compile and pass the test!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint vecs1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
 fn array_and_vec() -> ([i32; 4], Vec<i32>) {
     let a = [10, 20, 30, 40]; // a plain array

exercises/05_vecs/vecs2.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
-// vecs2.rs
-//
 // A Vec of even numbers is given. Your task is to complete the loop so that
 // each number in the Vec is multiplied by 2.
 //
 // Make me pass the test!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint vecs2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
 fn vec_loop(mut v: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
     for element in v.iter_mut() {

exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics1.rs

@@ -1,17 +1,3 @@
-// move_semantics1.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand
-// for a hint.
-
-#[test]
-fn main() {
-    let vec0 = vec![22, 44, 66];
-
-    let vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
-
-    assert_eq!(vec1, vec![22, 44, 66, 88]);
-}
-
 fn fill_vec(vec: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
     let vec = vec;
 
@@ -19,3 +5,21 @@ fn fill_vec(vec: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
 
     vec
 }
+
+fn main() {
+    // You can optionally experiment here.
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn move_semantics1() {
+        let vec0 = vec![22, 44, 66];
+
+        let vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
+
+        assert_eq!(vec1, vec![22, 44, 66, 88]);
+    }
+}

exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics2.rs

@@ -1,19 +1,4 @@
-// move_semantics2.rs
-//
 // Make the test pass by finding a way to keep both Vecs separate!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand
-// for a hint.
-
-#[test]
-fn main() {
-    let vec0 = vec![22, 44, 66];
-
-    let vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
-
-    assert_eq!(vec0, vec![22, 44, 66]);
-    assert_eq!(vec1, vec![22, 44, 66, 88]);
-}
 
 fn fill_vec(vec: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
     let mut vec = vec;
@@ -22,3 +7,22 @@ fn fill_vec(vec: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
 
     vec
 }
+
+fn main() {
+    // You can optionally experiment here.
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn move_semantics2() {
+        let vec0 = vec![22, 44, 66];
+
+        let vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
+
+        assert_eq!(vec0, vec![22, 44, 66]);
+        assert_eq!(vec1, vec![22, 44, 66, 88]);
+    }
+}

exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics3.rs

@@ -1,22 +1,26 @@
-// move_semantics3.rs
-//
 // Make me compile without adding new lines -- just changing existing lines! (no
 // lines with multiple semicolons necessary!)
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand
-// for a hint.
-
-#[test]
-fn main() {
-    let vec0 = vec![22, 44, 66];
-
-    let vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
-
-    assert_eq!(vec1, vec![22, 44, 66, 88]);
-}
 
 fn fill_vec(vec: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
     vec.push(88);
 
     vec
 }
+
+fn main() {
+    // You can optionally experiment here.
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn move_semantics3() {
+        let vec0 = vec![22, 44, 66];
+
+        let vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
+
+        assert_eq!(vec1, vec![22, 44, 66, 88]);
+    }
+}

exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics4.rs

@@ -1,20 +1,6 @@
-// move_semantics4.rs
-//
 // Refactor this code so that instead of passing `vec0` into the `fill_vec`
 // function, the Vector gets created in the function itself and passed back to
-// the main function.
+// the test function.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics4` or use the `hint` watch subcommand
-// for a hint.
-
-#[test]
-fn main() {
-    let vec0 = vec![22, 44, 66];
-
-    let vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
-
-    assert_eq!(vec1, vec![22, 44, 66, 88]);
-}
 
 // `fill_vec()` no longer takes `vec: Vec<i32>` as argument - don't change this!
 fn fill_vec() -> Vec<i32> {
@@ -25,3 +11,21 @@ fn fill_vec() -> Vec<i32> {
 
     vec
 }
+
+fn main() {
+    // You can optionally experiment here.
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn move_semantics4() {
+        let vec0 = vec![22, 44, 66];
+
+        let vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
+
+        assert_eq!(vec1, vec![22, 44, 66, 88]);
+    }
+}

exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics5.rs

@@ -1,17 +1,21 @@
-// move_semantics5.rs
+// Make me compile only by reordering the lines in the test, but without adding,
-//
-// Make me compile only by reordering the lines in `main()`, but without adding,
 // changing or removing any of them.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics5` or use the `hint` watch subcommand
-// for a hint.
 
-#[test]
 fn main() {
+    // You can optionally experiment here.
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn move_semantics5() {
         let mut x = 100;
         let y = &mut x;
         let z = &mut x;
         *y += 100;
         *z += 1000;
         assert_eq!(x, 1200);
+    }
 }

exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics6.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-// move_semantics6.rs
-//
 // You can't change anything except adding or removing references.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics6` or use the `hint` watch subcommand
-// for a hint.
 
 fn main() {
     let data = "Rust is great!".to_string();

exercises/07_structs/structs1.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-// structs1.rs
-//
 // Address all the TODOs to make the tests pass!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint structs1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 struct ColorClassicStruct {
     // TODO: Something goes here

exercises/07_structs/structs2.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-// structs2.rs
-//
 // Address all the TODOs to make the tests pass!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint structs2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct Order {

exercises/07_structs/structs3.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
-// structs3.rs
-//
 // Structs contain data, but can also have logic. In this exercise we have
 // defined the Package struct and we want to test some logic attached to it.
 // Make the code compile and the tests pass!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint structs3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct Package {

exercises/08_enums/enums1.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
-// enums1.rs
-//
-// No hints this time! ;)
-
 #[derive(Debug)]
 enum Message {
     // TODO: define a few types of messages as used below

exercises/08_enums/enums2.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// enums2.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint enums2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 #[derive(Debug)]
 enum Message {
     // TODO: define the different variants used below

exercises/08_enums/enums3.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-// enums3.rs
-//
 // Address all the TODOs to make the tests pass!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint enums3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 enum Message {
     // TODO: implement the message variant types based on their usage below

exercises/09_strings/strings1.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-// strings1.rs
-//
 // Make me compile without changing the function signature!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint strings1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 fn main() {
     let answer = current_favorite_color();

exercises/09_strings/strings2.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-// strings2.rs
-//
 // Make me compile without changing the function signature!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint strings2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 fn main() {
     let word = String::from("green"); // Try not changing this line :)

exercises/09_strings/strings3.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// strings3.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint strings3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 fn trim_me(input: &str) -> String {
     // TODO: Remove whitespace from both ends of a string!
     ???

exercises/09_strings/strings4.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
-// strings4.rs
+// Ok, here are a bunch of values - some are `String`s, some are `&str`s. Your
-//
-// Ok, here are a bunch of values-- some are `String`s, some are `&str`s. Your
 // task is to call one of these two functions on each value depending on what
 // you think each value is. That is, add either `string_slice` or `string`
 // before the parentheses on each line. If you're right, it will compile!
-//
-// No hints this time!
 
 fn string_slice(arg: &str) {
     println!("{}", arg);

exercises/10_modules/modules1.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// modules1.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint modules1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 mod sausage_factory {
     // Don't let anybody outside of this module see this!
     fn get_secret_recipe() -> String {

exercises/10_modules/modules2.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
-// modules2.rs
-//
 // You can bring module paths into scopes and provide new names for them with
 // the 'use' and 'as' keywords. Fix these 'use' statements to make the code
 // compile.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint modules2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 mod delicious_snacks {
     // TODO: Fix these use statements

exercises/10_modules/modules3.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,7 @@
-// modules3.rs
-//
 // You can use the 'use' keyword to bring module paths from modules from
 // anywhere and especially from the Rust standard library into your scope. Bring
 // SystemTime and UNIX_EPOCH from the std::time module. Bonus style points if
 // you can do it with one line!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint modules3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 // TODO: Complete this use statement
 use ???

exercises/11_hashmaps/hashmaps1.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// hashmaps1.rs
-//
 // A basket of fruits in the form of a hash map needs to be defined. The key
 // represents the name of the fruit and the value represents how many of that
 // particular fruit is in the basket. You have to put at least three different
@@ -7,9 +5,6 @@
 // of all the fruits should be at least five.
 //
 // Make me compile and pass the tests!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint hashmaps1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 

exercises/11_hashmaps/hashmaps2.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// hashmaps2.rs
-//
 // We're collecting different fruits to bake a delicious fruit cake. For this,
 // we have a basket, which we'll represent in the form of a hash map. The key
 // represents the name of each fruit we collect and the value represents how
@@ -10,9 +8,6 @@
 // to insert any more of these fruits!
 //
 // Make me pass the tests!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint hashmaps2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 

exercises/11_hashmaps/hashmaps3.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// hashmaps3.rs
-//
 // A list of scores (one per line) of a soccer match is given. Each line is of
 // the form : "<team_1_name>,<team_2_name>,<team_1_goals>,<team_2_goals>"
 // Example: England,France,4,2 (England scored 4 goals, France 2).
@@ -11,9 +9,6 @@
 // complete it to pass the test.
 //
 // Make me pass the tests!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint hashmaps3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 

exercises/12_options/options1.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// options1.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint options1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 // This function returns how much icecream there is left in the fridge.
 // If it's before 10PM, there's 5 scoops left. At 10PM, someone eats it
 // all, so there'll be no more left :(

exercises/12_options/options2.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// options2.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint options2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 fn main() {
     // You can optionally experiment here.
 }

exercises/12_options/options3.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// options3.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint options3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 struct Point {
     x: i32,
     y: i32,

exercises/13_error_handling/errors1.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,8 @@
-// errors1.rs
-//
 // This function refuses to generate text to be printed on a nametag if you pass
 // it an empty string. It'd be nicer if it explained what the problem was,
 // instead of just sometimes returning `None`. Thankfully, Rust has a similar
 // construct to `Option` that can be used to express error conditions. Let's use
 // it!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint errors1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 fn main() {
     // You can optionally experiment here.

exercises/13_error_handling/errors2.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// errors2.rs
-//
 // Say we're writing a game where you can buy items with tokens. All items cost
 // 5 tokens, and whenever you purchase items there is a processing fee of 1
 // token. A player of the game will type in how many items they want to buy, and
@@ -15,9 +13,6 @@
 //
 // There are at least two ways to implement this that are both correct-- but one
 // is a lot shorter!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint errors2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 use std::num::ParseIntError;
 

exercises/13_error_handling/errors3.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
-// errors3.rs
-//
 // This is a program that is trying to use a completed version of the
 // `total_cost` function from the previous exercise. It's not working though!
 // Why not? What should we do to fix it?
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint errors3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 use std::num::ParseIntError;
 

exercises/13_error_handling/errors4.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// errors4.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint errors4` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 #[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
 struct PositiveNonzeroInteger(u64);
 
@@ -23,12 +18,17 @@ fn main() {
     // You can optionally experiment here.
 }
 
-#[test]
+#[cfg(test)]
-fn test_creation() {
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_creation() {
         assert!(PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(10).is_ok());
         assert_eq!(
             Err(CreationError::Negative),
             PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(-10)
         );
         assert_eq!(Err(CreationError::Zero), PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(0));
+    }
 }

exercises/13_error_handling/errors5.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// errors5.rs
-//
 // This program uses an altered version of the code from errors4.
 //
 // This exercise uses some concepts that we won't get to until later in the
@@ -18,9 +16,6 @@
 //
 // What can we use to describe both errors? In other words, is there a trait
 // which both errors implement?
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint errors5` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 use std::error;
 use std::fmt;

exercises/13_error_handling/errors6.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,8 @@
-// errors6.rs
-//
 // Using catch-all error types like `Box<dyn error::Error>` isn't recommended
 // for library code, where callers might want to make decisions based on the
 // error content, instead of printing it out or propagating it further. Here, we
 // define a custom error type to make it possible for callers to decide what to
 // do next when our function returns an error.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint errors6` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 use std::num::ParseIntError;
 

exercises/14_generics/generics1.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
-// generics1.rs
-//
 // This shopping list program isn't compiling! Use your knowledge of generics to
 // fix it.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint generics1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 fn main() {
     let mut shopping_list: Vec<?> = Vec::new();

exercises/14_generics/generics2.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
-// generics2.rs
-//
 // This powerful wrapper provides the ability to store a positive integer value.
 // Rewrite it using generics so that it supports wrapping ANY type.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint generics2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 struct Wrapper {
     value: u32,

exercises/15_traits/traits1.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
-// traits1.rs
-//
 // Time to implement some traits! Your task is to implement the trait
 // `AppendBar` for the type `String`. The trait AppendBar has only one function,
 // which appends "Bar" to any object implementing this trait.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint traits1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 trait AppendBar {
     fn append_bar(self) -> Self;

exercises/15_traits/traits2.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,8 @@
-// traits2.rs
-//
 // Your task is to implement the trait `AppendBar` for a vector of strings. To
 // implement this trait, consider for a moment what it means to 'append "Bar"'
 // to a vector of strings.
 //
 // No boiler plate code this time, you can do this!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint traits2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
 trait AppendBar {
     fn append_bar(self) -> Self;

exercises/15_traits/traits3.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,7 @@
-// traits3.rs
-//
 // Your task is to implement the Licensed trait for both structures and have
 // them return the same information without writing the same function twice.
 //
 // Consider what you can add to the Licensed trait.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint traits3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 pub trait Licensed {
     fn licensing_info(&self) -> String;

exercises/15_traits/traits4.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
-// traits4.rs
-//
 // Your task is to replace the '??' sections so the code compiles.
 //
 // Don't change any line other than the marked one.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint traits4` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 pub trait Licensed {
     fn licensing_info(&self) -> String {

exercises/15_traits/traits5.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
-// traits5.rs
-//
 // Your task is to replace the '??' sections so the code compiles.
 //
 // Don't change any line other than the marked one.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint traits5` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 pub trait SomeTrait {
     fn some_function(&self) -> bool {

exercises/16_lifetimes/lifetimes1.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,7 @@
-// lifetimes1.rs
-//
 // The Rust compiler needs to know how to check whether supplied references are
 // valid, so that it can let the programmer know if a reference is at risk of
 // going out of scope before it is used. Remember, references are borrows and do
 // not own their own data. What if their owner goes out of scope?
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint lifetimes1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 fn longest(x: &str, y: &str) -> &str {
     if x.len() > y.len() {

exercises/16_lifetimes/lifetimes2.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
-// lifetimes2.rs
-//
 // So if the compiler is just validating the references passed to the annotated
 // parameters and the return type, what do we need to change?
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint lifetimes2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 fn longest<'a>(x: &'a str, y: &'a str) -> &'a str {
     if x.len() > y.len() {

exercises/16_lifetimes/lifetimes3.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-// lifetimes3.rs
-//
 // Lifetimes are also needed when structs hold references.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint lifetimes3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 struct Book {
     author: &str,
@@ -13,7 +8,10 @@ struct Book {
 fn main() {
     let name = String::from("Jill Smith");
     let title = String::from("Fish Flying");
-    let book = Book { author: &name, title: &title };
+    let book = Book {
+        author: &name,
+        title: &title,
+    };
 
     println!("{} by {}", book.title, book.author);
 }

exercises/17_tests/tests1.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
-// tests1.rs
-//
 // Tests are important to ensure that your code does what you think it should
 // do. Tests can be run on this file with the following command: rustlings run
 // tests1
 //
 // This test has a problem with it -- make the test compile! Make the test pass!
 // Make the test fail!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint tests1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 fn main() {
     // You can optionally experiment here.

exercises/17_tests/tests2.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
-// tests2.rs
-//
 // This test has a problem with it -- make the test compile! Make the test pass!
 // Make the test fail!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint tests2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 fn main() {
     // You can optionally experiment here.

exercises/17_tests/tests3.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
-// tests3.rs
-//
 // This test isn't testing our function -- make it do that in such a way that
 // the test passes. Then write a second test that tests whether we get the
 // result we expect to get when we call `is_even(5)`.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint tests3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 pub fn is_even(num: i32) -> bool {
     num % 2 == 0

exercises/17_tests/tests4.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-// tests4.rs
-//
 // Make sure that we're testing for the correct conditions!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint tests4` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 struct Rectangle {
     width: i32,

exercises/18_iterators/iterators1.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,19 @@
-// iterators1.rs
-//
 // When performing operations on elements within a collection, iterators are
 // essential. This module helps you get familiar with the structure of using an
 // iterator and how to go through elements within an iterable collection.
 //
 // Make me compile by filling in the `???`s
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint iterators1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
-#[test]
 fn main() {
+    // You can optionally experiment here.
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn iterators() {
         let my_fav_fruits = vec!["banana", "custard apple", "avocado", "peach", "raspberry"];
 
         let mut my_iterable_fav_fruits = ???;   // TODO: Step 1
@@ -21,4 +24,5 @@ fn main() {
         assert_eq!(my_iterable_fav_fruits.next(), ???);     // TODO: Step 3
         assert_eq!(my_iterable_fav_fruits.next(), Some(&"raspberry"));
         assert_eq!(my_iterable_fav_fruits.next(), ???);     // TODO: Step 4
+    }
 }

exercises/18_iterators/iterators2.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
-// iterators2.rs
-//
 // In this exercise, you'll learn some of the unique advantages that iterators
 // can offer. Follow the steps to complete the exercise.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint iterators2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 // Step 1.
 // Complete the `capitalize_first` function.

exercises/18_iterators/iterators3.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,8 @@
-// iterators3.rs
-//
 // This is a bigger exercise than most of the others! You can do it! Here is
 // your mission, should you choose to accept it:
 // 1. Complete the divide function to get the first four tests to pass.
 // 2. Get the remaining tests to pass by completing the result_with_list and
 //    list_of_results functions.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint iterators3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum DivisionError {

exercises/18_iterators/iterators4.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// iterators4.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint iterators4` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 pub fn factorial(num: u64) -> u64 {
     // Complete this function to return the factorial of num
     // Do not use:
@@ -12,7 +7,6 @@ pub fn factorial(num: u64) -> u64 {
     // - additional variables
     // For an extra challenge, don't use:
     // - recursion
-    // Execute `rustlings hint iterators4` for hints.
 }
 
 fn main() {

exercises/18_iterators/iterators5.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// iterators5.rs
-//
 // Let's define a simple model to track Rustlings exercise progress. Progress
 // will be modelled using a hash map. The name of the exercise is the key and
 // the progress is the value. Two counting functions were created to count the
@@ -7,9 +5,6 @@
 // functionality using iterators. Try not to use imperative loops (for, while).
 // Only the two iterator methods (count_iterator and count_collection_iterator)
 // need to be modified.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint iterators5` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 

exercises/19_smart_pointers/arc1.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// arc1.rs
-//
 // In this exercise, we are given a Vec of u32 called "numbers" with values
 // ranging from 0 to 99 -- [ 0, 1, 2, ..., 98, 99 ] We would like to use this
 // set of numbers within 8 different threads simultaneously. Each thread is
@@ -18,8 +16,6 @@
 // first TODO comment is, and create an initial binding for `child_numbers`
 // where the second TODO comment is. Try not to create any copies of the
 // `numbers` Vec!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint arc1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
 #![forbid(unused_imports)] // Do not change this, (or the next) line.
 use std::sync::Arc;

exercises/19_smart_pointers/box1.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// box1.rs
-//
 // At compile time, Rust needs to know how much space a type takes up. This
 // becomes problematic for recursive types, where a value can have as part of
 // itself another value of the same type. To get around the issue, we can use a
@@ -15,8 +13,6 @@
 // Step 2: create both empty and non-empty cons lists by replacing `todo!()`
 //
 // Note: the tests should not be changed
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint box1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
 #[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
 pub enum List {

exercises/19_smart_pointers/cow1.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// cow1.rs
-//
 // This exercise explores the Cow, or Clone-On-Write type. Cow is a
 // clone-on-write smart pointer. It can enclose and provide immutable access to
 // borrowed data, and clone the data lazily when mutation or ownership is
@@ -9,8 +7,6 @@
 // This exercise is meant to show you what to expect when passing data to Cow.
 // Fix the unit tests by checking for Cow::Owned(_) and Cow::Borrowed(_) at the
 // TODO markers.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint cow1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
 use std::borrow::Cow;
 

exercises/19_smart_pointers/rc1.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// rc1.rs
-//
 // In this exercise, we want to express the concept of multiple owners via the
 // Rc<T> type. This is a model of our solar system - there is a Sun type and
 // multiple Planets. The Planets take ownership of the sun, indicating that they
@@ -7,8 +5,6 @@
 //
 // Make this code compile by using the proper Rc primitives to express that the
 // sun has multiple owners.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint rc1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
@@ -33,8 +29,16 @@ impl Planet {
     }
 }
 
-#[test]
 fn main() {
+    // You can optionally experiment here.
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rc1() {
         let sun = Rc::new(Sun {});
         println!("reference count = {}", Rc::strong_count(&sun)); // 1 reference
 
@@ -100,4 +104,5 @@ fn main() {
         println!("reference count = {}", Rc::strong_count(&sun)); // 1 reference
 
         assert_eq!(Rc::strong_count(&sun), 1);
+    }
 }

exercises/20_threads/threads1.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,7 @@
-// threads1.rs
-//
 // This program spawns multiple threads that each run for at least 250ms, and
 // each thread returns how much time they took to complete. The program should
 // wait until all the spawned threads have finished and should collect their
 // return values into a vector.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint threads1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 use std::thread;
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};

exercises/20_threads/threads2.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
-// threads2.rs
-//
 // Building on the last exercise, we want all of the threads to complete their
 // work but this time the spawned threads need to be in charge of updating a
 // shared value: JobStatus.jobs_completed
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint threads2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::thread;

exercises/20_threads/threads3.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// threads3.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint threads3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 use std::sync::mpsc;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::thread;
@@ -42,8 +37,16 @@ fn send_tx(q: Queue, tx: mpsc::Sender<u32>) -> () {
     });
 }
 
-#[test]
 fn main() {
+    // You can optionally experiment here.
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn threads3() {
         let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel();
         let queue = Queue::new();
         let queue_length = queue.length;
@@ -58,4 +61,5 @@ fn main() {
 
         println!("total numbers received: {}", total_received);
         assert_eq!(total_received, queue_length)
+    }
 }

exercises/21_macros/macros1.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// macros1.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint macros1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 macro_rules! my_macro {
     () => {
         println!("Check out my macro!");

exercises/21_macros/macros2.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// macros2.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint macros2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 fn main() {
     my_macro!();
 }

exercises/21_macros/macros3.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-// macros3.rs
-//
 // Make me compile, without taking the macro out of the module!
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint macros3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 mod macros {
     macro_rules! my_macro {

exercises/21_macros/macros4.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// macros4.rs
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint macros4` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 #[rustfmt::skip]
 macro_rules! my_macro {
     () => {

exercises/22_clippy/clippy1.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,8 @@
-// clippy1.rs
-//
 // The Clippy tool is a collection of lints to analyze your code so you can
 // catch common mistakes and improve your Rust code.
 //
 // For these exercises the code will fail to compile when there are Clippy
 // warnings. Check Clippy's suggestions from the output to solve the exercise.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint clippy1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 use std::f32;
 

exercises/22_clippy/clippy2.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-// clippy2.rs
-// 
-// Execute `rustlings hint clippy2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
-
 fn main() {
     let mut res = 42;
     let option = Some(12);

exercises/22_clippy/clippy3.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
-// clippy3.rs
-// 
 // Here's a couple more easy Clippy fixes, so you can see its utility.
-// No hints.
 
 #[allow(unused_variables, unused_assignments)]
 fn main() {

exercises/23_conversions/as_ref_mut.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
-// as_ref_mut.rs
-//
 // AsRef and AsMut allow for cheap reference-to-reference conversions. Read more
 // about them at https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.AsRef.html and
 // https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.AsMut.html, respectively.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint as_ref_mut` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 // Obtain the number of bytes (not characters) in the given argument.
 // TODO: Add the AsRef trait appropriately as a trait bound.

exercises/23_conversions/from_into.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
-// from_into.rs
-//
 // The From trait is used for value-to-value conversions. If From is implemented
 // correctly for a type, the Into trait should work conversely. You can read
 // more about it at https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint from_into` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct Person {
@@ -24,7 +19,6 @@ impl Default for Person {
     }
 }
 
-
 // Your task is to complete this implementation in order for the line `let p1 =
 // Person::from("Mark,20")` to compile. Please note that you'll need to parse the
 // age component into a `usize` with something like `"4".parse::<usize>()`. The

exercises/23_conversions/from_str.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,8 @@
-// from_str.rs
-//
 // This is similar to from_into.rs, but this time we'll implement `FromStr` and
 // return errors instead of falling back to a default value. Additionally, upon
 // implementing FromStr, you can use the `parse` method on strings to generate
 // an object of the implementor type. You can read more about it at
 // https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/str/trait.FromStr.html
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint from_str` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 use std::num::ParseIntError;
 use std::str::FromStr;

exercises/23_conversions/try_from_into.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,8 @@
-// try_from_into.rs
-//
 // TryFrom is a simple and safe type conversion that may fail in a controlled
 // way under some circumstances. Basically, this is the same as From. The main
 // difference is that this should return a Result type instead of the target
 // type itself. You can read more about it at
 // https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.TryFrom.html
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint try_from_into` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for
-// a hint.
 
 use std::convert::{TryFrom, TryInto};
 

exercises/23_conversions/using_as.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
-// using_as.rs
-//
 // Type casting in Rust is done via the usage of the `as` operator. Please note
 // that the `as` operator is not only used when type casting. It also helps with
 // renaming imports.
 //
 // The goal is to make sure that the division does not fail to compile and
 // returns the proper type.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint using_as` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
-// hint.
 
 fn average(values: &[f64]) -> f64 {
     let total = values.iter().sum::<f64>();

exercises/quiz1.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// quiz1.rs
-//
 // This is a quiz for the following sections:
 // - Variables
 // - Functions
@@ -10,8 +8,6 @@
 // - If Mary buys more than 40 apples, each apple only costs 1 rustbuck!
 // Write a function that calculates the price of an order of apples given the
 // quantity bought.
-//
-// No hints this time ;)
 
 // Put your function here!
 // fn calculate_price_of_apples {
@@ -20,9 +16,13 @@ fn main() {
     // You can optionally experiment here.
 }
 
-// Don't modify this function!
+#[cfg(test)]
-#[test]
+mod tests {
-fn verify_test() {
+    use super::*;
+
+    // Don't modify this test!
+    #[test]
+    fn verify_test() {
         let price1 = calculate_price_of_apples(35);
         let price2 = calculate_price_of_apples(40);
         let price3 = calculate_price_of_apples(41);
@@ -32,4 +32,5 @@ fn verify_test() {
         assert_eq!(80, price2);
         assert_eq!(41, price3);
         assert_eq!(65, price4);
+    }
 }

exercises/quiz2.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// quiz2.rs
-//
 // This is a quiz for the following sections:
 // - Strings
 // - Vecs
@@ -17,8 +15,6 @@
 // - The input is going to be a Vector of a 2-length tuple,
 //   the first element is the string, the second one is the command.
 // - The output element is going to be a Vector of strings.
-//
-// No hints this time!
 
 pub enum Command {
     Uppercase,

exercises/quiz3.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// quiz3.rs
-//
 // This quiz tests:
 // - Generics
 // - Traits
@@ -13,8 +11,6 @@
 // Make the necessary code changes in the struct ReportCard and the impl block
 // to support alphabetical report cards. Change the Grade in the second test to
 // "A+" to show that your changes allow alphabetical grades.
-//
-// Execute `rustlings hint quiz3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
 pub struct ReportCard {
     pub grade: f32,