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Update the contributing guide
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CONTRIBUTING.md
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CONTRIBUTING.md
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## Contributing to Rustlings
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# Contributing to Rustlings
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First off, thanks for taking the time to contribute!! ❤️
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First off, thanks for taking the time to contribute! ❤️
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### Quick Reference
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## Quick Reference
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I want to...
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I want to …
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_add an exercise! ➡️ [read this](#addex) and then [open a Pull Request](#prs)_
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- _report a bug!_ ➡️ [open an issue](#issues)
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- _fix a bug!_ ➡️ [open a pull request](#pull-requests)
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- _implement a new feature!_ ➡️ [open an issue to discuss it first, then a pull request](#issues)
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- _add an exercise!_ ➡️ [read this](#adding-an-exercise)
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- _update an outdated exercise!_ ➡️ [open a pull request](#pull-requests)
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_update an outdated exercise! ➡️ [open a Pull Request](#prs)_
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_report a bug! ➡️ [open an Issue](#issues)_
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_fix a bug! ➡️ [open a Pull Request](#prs)_
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_implement a new feature! ➡️ [open an Issue to discuss it first, then a Pull Request](#issues)_
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<a name="#src"></a>
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### Working on the source code
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`rustlings` is basically a glorified `rustc` wrapper. Therefore the source code
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isn't really that complicated since the bulk of the work is done by `rustc`.
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<a name="addex"></a>
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### Adding an exercise
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The first step is to add the exercise! Name the file `exercises/yourTopic/yourTopicN.rs`, make sure to
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put in some helpful links, and link to sections of the book in `exercises/yourTopic/README.md`.
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Next make sure it runs with `rustlings`. The exercise metadata is stored in `info.toml`, under the `exercises` array. The order of the `exercises` array determines the order the exercises are run by `rustlings verify` and `rustlings watch`.
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Add the metadata for your exercise in the correct order in the `exercises` array. If you are unsure of the correct ordering, add it at the bottom and ask in your pull request. The exercise metadata should contain the following:
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```diff
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...
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+ [[exercises]]
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+ name = "yourTopicN"
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+ path = "exercises/yourTopic/yourTopicN.rs"
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+ mode = "compile"
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+ hint = """
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+ Some kind of useful hint for your exercise."""
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...
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```
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The `mode` attribute decides whether Rustlings will only compile your exercise, or compile and test it. If you have tests to verify in your exercise, choose `test`, otherwise `compile`. If you're working on a Clippy exercise, use `mode = "clippy"`.
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That's all! Feel free to put up a pull request.
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<a name="issues"></a>
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### Issues
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## Issues
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You can open an issue [here](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/issues/new).
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If you're reporting a bug, please include the output of the following commands:
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- `rustc --version`
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- `cargo --version`
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- `rustlings --version`
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- `ls -la`
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- Your OS name and version
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<a name="prs"></a>
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### Pull Requests
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## Pull Requests
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Opening a pull request is as easy as forking the repository and committing your
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changes. There's a couple of things to watch out for:
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You are welcome to open a pull request, but unless it is small and trivial, **please open an issue to discuss your idea first** 🙏🏼
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#### Write correct commit messages
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Opening a pull request is as easy as forking the repository and committing your changes.
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If you need any help with it or face any Git related problems, don't hesitate to ask for help 🤗
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We follow the [Conventional Commits](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/en/v1.0.0/)
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specification.
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This means that you have to format your commit messages in a specific way. Say
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you're working on adding a new exercise called `foobar1.rs`. You could write
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the following commit message:
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It may take time to review your pull request.
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Please be patient 😇
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```
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feat: add foobar1.rs exercise
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## Adding An Exercise
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- Name the file `exercises/yourTopic/yourTopicN.rs`.
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- Make sure to put in some helpful links, and link to sections of the book in `exercises/yourTopic/README.md`.
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- Add a (possible) solution at `solutions/yourTopic/yourTopicN.rs` with comments and links explaining it.
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- Add the [metadata for your exercise](#exercise-metadata) in the `info.toml` file.
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- Make sure your exercise runs with `rustlings run yourTopicN`.
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- [Open a pull request](#pull-requests).
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### Exercise Metadata
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The exercise metadata should contain the following:
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```toml
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[[exercises]]
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name = "yourTopicN"
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dir = "yourTopic"
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hint = """A useful (multi-line) hint for your exercise."""
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```
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If you're just fixing a bug, please use the `fix` type:
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```
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fix(verify): make sure verify doesn't self-destruct
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```
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The scope within the brackets is optional, but should be any of these:
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- `installation` (for the installation script)
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- `cli` (for general CLI changes)
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- `verify` (for the verification source file)
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- `watch` (for the watch functionality source)
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- `run` (for the run functionality source)
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- `EXERCISENAME` (if you're changing a specific exercise, or set of exercises,
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substitute them here)
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When the commit also happens to close an existing issue, link it in the message
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body:
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```
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fix: update foobar
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closes #101029908
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```
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If you're doing simple changes, like updating a book link, use `chore`:
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```
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chore: update exercise1.rs book link
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```
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If you're updating documentation, use `docs`:
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```
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docs: add more information to Readme
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```
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If, and only if, you're absolutely sure you want to make a breaking change
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(please discuss this beforehand!), add an exclamation mark to the type and
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explain the breaking change in the message body:
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```
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fix!: completely change verification
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BREAKING CHANGE: This has to be done because lorem ipsum dolor
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```
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#### Pull Request Workflow
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Once you open a Pull Request, it may be reviewed or labeled (or both) until
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the maintainers accept your change. Please be patient, it may take some time
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for this to happen!
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If your exercise doesn't contain any test, add `test = false` to the exercise metadata.
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But adding tests is recommended.
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